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of Election the seu'rall Townes shall send their deputyes, and when
the Elections are ended they may p'rceed in any publike searuice as at
other Courts. Also the other Generall Courte in September shall be for
makeing of lawes, and any other publike occation, w'ch conserns the
good of the Comonwelth.
6. It is Ordered, sentenced and decreed, that the Gou'rnor shall,
ether by himselfe or by the secretary, send out sumons to the
Constables of eu'r Towne for the cauleing of these two standing
Courts, on month at lest before their seu'rall tymes: And also if the
Gou'rnor and the gretest p'rte of the Magestrats see cause vppon any
spetiall occation to call a generall Courte, they may giue order to
the secretary soe to doe w'thin fowerteene dayes warneing; and
if vrgent necessity so require, vppon a shorter notice, giueing
sufficient grownds for yt to the deputyes when they meete, or els
be questioned for the same; And if the Gou'rnor and Mayor p'rte of
Magestrats shall ether neglect or refuse to call the two Generall
standing Courts or ether of them, as also at other tymes when the
occations of the Comonwelth require, the Freemen thereof, or the Mayor
p'rte of them, shall petition to them soe to doe: if then yt be ether
denyed or neglected the said Freemen or the Mayor p'rte of them shall
haue power to giue order to the Constables of the seuerall Townes to
doe the same, and so may meete togather, and ehuse to themselues a
Moderator, and may p'rceed to do any Acte of power, w'ch any other
Generall Courte may.
7. It is Ordered, sentenced and decreed that after there are warrants
giuen out for any of the said Generall Courts, the Constable or
Constables of ech Towne shall forthw'th give notice distinctly to the
inhabitants of the same, in some Publike Assembly or by goeing or
sending from howse to howse, that at a place and tyme by him or
them lymited and sett, they meet and assemble the: selues togather
to elect and chuse certen deputyes to be att the Generall Courte then
following to agitate the afayres of the comonwelth; w'ch said Deputyes
shall be chosen by all that are admitted Inhabitants in the seu'rall
Townes and haue taken the oath of fidellity; p'ruided that non be
chosen a Deputy for any Generall Courte w'ch is not a Freeman of this
Comonwelth.
The foresaid deputyes shall be chosen in manner following: euery
p'rson that is p'rsent and quallified as before exp'rssed, shall bring
the names of such, written in seu'rrall papers, as they desire to haue
chosen for that Imployment. and these 3 or 4, more or lesse, being the
number agreed on to be chosen for that tyme, that haue greatest
number of papers written for the: shall be deputyes for that
Courte; whose names shall be endorsed on the backe side of the warrant
and returned into the Courte, w'th the Constable or Constables hand
vnto the same.
8. It is Ordered, sentenced and decreed, that Wyndsor, Hartford and
Wethersfield shall haue power, ech Towne, to send fower of their freemen
as deputyes to euery Generall Courte; and whatsoeuer other Townes shall
be hereafter added to this Jurisdiction, they shall send so many
deputyes as the Courte shall judge meete, a resonable p'rportion to the
number of Freemen that are in the said Townes being to be attended
therein; w'ch deputyes shall have the power of the whole Towne to giue
their voats and alowance to all such lawes and orders as may be for the
publike good, and unto w'ch the said Townes are to be bownd.
9. It is ordered and decreed, that the deputyes thus chosen shall haue
power and liberty to appoynt a tyme and a place of meeting togather
before any Generall Courte to aduise and consult of all such things as
may concerne the good of the publike, as also to examine their owne
Elections, whether according to the order, and if they or the gretest
p'rte of them find any election to be illegall they may seclud such for
p'rsent from their meeting, and returne the same and their resons to the
Courte; and if yt proue true, the Courte may fyne the p'rty or p'rtyes
so intruding and the Towne, if they see cause, and giue out a warrant to
goe to a newe election in a legall way, either in p'rte or in whole.
Also the said deputyes shall haue power to fyne any that shall be
disorderly at their meetings, or for not coming in due tyme or place
according to appoyntment; and they may returne the said fynes into the
Courte if yt be refused to be paid, and the tresurer to take notice of
yt, and to estreete or levy the same as he doth other fynes.
10. It is Ordered, sentenced and decreed, that euery Generall Courte,
except such as through neglecte of the Gou'rnor and the greatest p'rte
of Magestrats the Freemen themselves doe call, shall consist of the
Gouernor, or some one chosen to moderate the Court, and 4 other
Magestrats at lest, w'th the mayor p'rte of the deputyes of the geuerall
Townes legally chosen; and in case the Freemen or mayor p'rte of them,
through neglect or refusall of the Gouernor and mayor p'rte of the
magestrats, shall call a Courte, y't shall consist of the mayor p'rte of
Freemen that are p'rsent or their deputyes, w'th a Moderator chosen by
the: In w'ch said Generall Courts shall consist the supreme power of the
Comonwelth, and they only shall haue power to make laws or repeale the:,
to graunt leuyes, to admitt of Freemen, dispose of lands vndisposed of,
to seuerall Townes or p'rsons, and also shall haue power to call ether
Courte or Magestrate or any other p'rson whatsoeuer into question for
any misdemeanour, and may for just causes displace or deale otherwise
according to the nature of the offence; and also may deale in any other
matter that concerns the good of this comonwelth, excepte election of
Magestrats, w'ch shall be done by the whole boddy of Freemen.
In w'ch Courte the Gouernour or Moderator shall haue power to order the
Courte to giue liberty of spech, and silence vnceasonable and disorderly
speakeings, to put all things to voate, and in case the vote be equall
to haue the casting voice. But non of these Courts shall be adiorned or
dissolued w'thout the consent of the maior p'rte of the Court.
11. It is ordered, sentenced and decreed, that when any Generall Courte
vppon the occations of the Comonwelth haue agreed vppon any sume or
somes of mony to be leuyed vppon the seuerall Townes w'thin this
Jurisdiction, that a Comittee be chosen to sett out and appoynt w't
shall be the p'rportion of euery Towne to pay of the said letiy,
p'rvided the Comittees be made up of an equall number out of each Towne.
14'th January, 1638, the 11 Orders abouesaid are voted.
THE OATH OF THE GOU'RNOR, FOR THE [P'RSENT].
I ---- being now chosen to be Gou'rnor wthin this Jurisdiction, for
the yeare ensueing, and vntil a new be chosen, doe sweare by the
greate and dreadfull name of the everliueing God, to p'rmote the
publicke good and peace of the same, according to the best of my
skill; as also will mayntayne all lawfull priuiledges of this
Comonwealth; as also that all wholesome lawes that are or shall be
made by lawfull authority here established, be duly executed; and will
further the execution of Justice according to the rule of Gods word;
so helpe me God, in the name of the Lo: Jesus Christ.
THE OATH OF A MAGESTRATE, FOR THE P'RSENT.
I, ---- being chosen a Magestrate w'thin this Jurisdiction for the
yeare ensueing, doe sweare by the great and dreadfull name of the
euerliueing God, to p'rmote the publike good and peace of the same,
according to the best of my skill, and that I will mayntayne all the
lawfull priuiledges thereof according to my vnderstanding, as also
assist in the execution of all such wholsome lawes as are made or
shall be made by lawfull authority heare established, and will further
the execution of Justice for the tyme aforesaid according to the
righteous rule of Gods word; so helpe me God, etc.
[Until 1752, the legal year in England began March 25 (Lady Day), not
January 1. All the days between January 1 and March 25 of the year
which we now call 1639 were therefore then a part of the year 1638; so
that the date of the Constitution is given by its own terms as 1638,
instead of 1639.]
APPENDIX F.
THE STATES CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO ORIGIN.
1. The thirteen original states.
2. States formed directly from other states.
Vermont from territory disputed between New York and
New Hampshire, Kentucky from Virginia, Maine
from Massachusetts, West Virginia from Virginia.
3. States from the Northwest Territory (see p. 253).
Ohio, Michigan,
Indiana, Wisconsin,
Illinois, Minnesota, in part.
4. States from other territory ceded by states.
Tennessee, ceded by North Carolina,
Alabama, ceded by South Carolina and Georgia,
Mississippi, ceded by South Carolina and Georgia.
5. States from the Louisiana purchase (see p. 253).
Louisiana, North Dakota,
Arkansas, South Dakota,
Missouri, Montana,
Kansas, Minnesota, in part,
Nebraska, Wyoming, in part,
Iowa, Colorado, in part.
6. States from Mexican cessions.
California, Wyoming, in part,
Nevada, Colorado, in part.
7. States from territory defined by treaty with Great Britain
(see p. 254).
Oregon, Washington, Idaho.
8. States from other sources.
Florida, from a Spanish cession,
Texas, by annexation (see p. 254).
APPENDIX G.
TABLE OF STATES AND TERRITORIES.
(_Ratio of representation based on census of_ 1890--173,901.)
Popula- Popula- Rep
tion to Area in tion, in Elect.
Dates. No. Names. sq.m. sq. m. 1890. Cong vote
1892. 1892.
Ratified the Constitution.
1787, Dec. 7 1 Delaware 82.1 2,050 168,493 1 3
Dec. 12 2 Pennsylvania 111.2 45,215 5,258,014 30 32
Dec. 18 3 New Jersey 179.7 7,815 1,444,933 8 10
1788, Jan. 2 4 Georgia 30.8 59,475 1,837,353 11 13
Jan. 9 5 Connecticut 149.5 4,990 746,258 4 6
Feb. 6 6 Massachusetts 269.2 8,315 2,238,943 13 15
April 28 7 Maryland 85.3 12,210 1,042,390 6 8
May 23 8 South Carolina 37.6 30,570 1,151,149 7 9
June 21 9 New Hampshire 40.4 9,305 376,530 2 4
June 25 10 Virginia 39. 42,450 1,655,980 10 12
July 26 11 New York 121.9 49,170 5,997,853 34 35
1789, Nov. 21 12 North Carolina 30.9 52,250 1,617,947 9 11
1790, May 29 13 Rhode Island 276.4 1,250 345,506 2 4
Admitted to the Union.
1791, March 4 14 Vermont 34.6 9,565 332,422 2 4
1792, June 1 15 Kentucky 46. 40,400 1,858,635 11 13
1796, June 1 16 Tennessee 42. 42,050 1,767,518 10 12
1803, Feb. 19 17 Ohio 89.4 41,060 3,672,316 21 23
1812, April 30 18 Louisiana 22.9 48,720 1,118,587 6 8
1816, Dec. 11 19 Indiana 60.3 36,350 2,192,404 13 15
1817, Dec. 10 20 Mississippi 42.7 46,810 1,289,600 7 9
1818, Dec. 3 21 Illinois 67.5 56,650 3,826,351 22 24
1819, Dec. 14 22 Alabama 28.9 52,250 1,513,017 9 11
1820, March 15 23 Maine 20. 33,040 661,086 4 6
1821, Aug. 10 24 Missouri 38.5 69,415 2,679,184 15 17
1836, June 15 25 Arkansas 20.9 53,850 1,128,179 6 8
1837, Jan. 25 26 Michigan 35.5 58,915 2,093,889 12 14
1845, March 3 27 Florida 6.6 58,680 391,422 2 4
1815, Dec. 29 28 Texas 8.4 265,780 2,235,523 13 15
1846, Dec. 28 29 Iowa 34.1 56,025 1,911,896 11 13
1848, May 29 30 Wisconsin 30. 56,040 1,686,880 10 12
1850, Sept. 9 31 California 7.6 158,360 1,208,130 7 9
1858, May 11 32 Minnesota 15.6 83,365 1,301,826 7 9
1859, Feb. 14 33 Oregon 3.2 96,030 313,767 2 4
1861, Jan. 29 34 Kansas 17.3 82,080 1,427,096 8 10
1863, June 19 35 West Virginia 30.7 24,780 762,794 4 6
1864, Oct. 31 36 Nevada 0.4 110,700 45,761 1 3
1867, March 1 37 Nebraska 13.6 77,510 1,058,910 6 8
1876, Aug. 1 38 Colorado 3.9 103,925 412,198 2 4
1889, Nov. 2 { 39 North Dakota } 2.5 70,795 182,719 1 3
{ 40 South Dakota } 4.2 77,650 328,808 2 4
1889, Nov. 8 41 Montana 0.9 146,080 132,159 1 3
1889, Nov. 11 42 Washington 5. 69,180 349,390 2 4
1890, July 3 43 Idaho 0.9 84,800 84,385 1 3
1890, July 10 44 Wyoming 0.6 97,890 60,705 1 3
Organised.
1850, Sept. 9 Utah 2.4 84,970 207,905
1850, Sept. 9 New Mexico 1.2 122,580 153,593
1863, Feb. 24 Arizona 0.5 113,020 59,620
1868, July 27 Alaska 577,390 no census
1834, June 30 Indian Territory 31,400 no census
1889, April 22 Oklahoma 1.5 39,030 61,834
1791, Mar 3 Dist. of C. 3,291.1 70 230,392
1892, total House of Representatives 356 + Senate 88 = electoral votes,
444.
APPENDIX H.
POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES, 1790-1890,
_Showing Percentages of Urban Population._
Date. | Pop. of U.S. | No. of | Pop. of Cities. | % of
| | Cities | |of Urban Pop.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
1790 | 3,929,214 | 6 | 131,472 | 3.33
1800 | 5,308,483 | 6 | 210,873 | 3.9
1810 | 7,239,881 | 11 | 356,920 | 4.9
1820 | 9,633,822 | 13 | 474,135 | 4.9
1830 | 12,866,020 | 26 | 864,509 | 6.7
1840 | 17,069,453 | 44 | 1,453,994 | 8.5
1850 | 23,191,876 | 85 | 2,897,586 | 12.5
1860 | 31,443,321 | 141 | 5,072,256 | 16.1
1870 | 38,558,371 | 226 | 8,071,875 | 20.9
1880 | 50,155,783 | 286 | 11,318,597 | 22.5
1890 | 62,622,250 | 443 | 18,235,670 | 29.1
--------------------------------------------------------------------
APPENDIX I.
AN EXAMINATION PAPER FOR CUSTOMS CLERKS.
Applicant's No..
APPLICANT'S DECLARATION.
DIRECTIONS.--1. The number above is _your examination number_.
Write it at the top of every sheet given you in this examination.
2. Fill promptly all the blanks in this sheet. Any omission may
lead to the rejection of your papers.
3. Write all answers and exercises in ink.
4. Write your name on no other sheet but this.
Place this sheet in the envelope. Write your number on the envelope
and seal the same.
DECLARATION.
I declare upon my honour as follows:
1. My true and full name is (if female, please say whether
Mrs. or Miss)
2. Since my application was made I have been living at (give
all the places)
3. My post-office address in full is
4. If examined within twelve months for the civil service--for
any post-office, custom-house, or Department at Washington--state
the time, place, and result.
5. If you have ever been in the civil service, state where and
in what position, and when you left it and the reasons therefor.
6. Are you now under enlistment in the army or navy?
7. If you have been in the military or naval service of the
United States, state which, and whether you were honourably
discharged, when, and for what cause.
8. Since my application no change has occurred in my health
or physical capacity except the following:
9. I was born at ----, on the ---- day of ----, 188.
10. My present business or employment is
11. I swore to my application for this examination as near as
I can remember at (town or city of) ----, on the ---- day
of ----, 188.
All the above statements are true, to the best of my knowledge
and belief.
(_Signature in usual form_.)------------
Dated at the city of ----, State of ----, this ---- day
of ----, 188_.
FIRST SUBJECT.
_Question 1._ One of the examiners will distinctly read (at a
rate reasonable for copying) fifteen lines from the Civil-Service Law
or Rules, and each applicant will copy the same below from the reading
as it proceeds.
_Question 2._ Write below at length the names of fifteen States
and fifteen cities of the Union.
_Question 3. Copy the following precisely_:
"And in my opinion, sir, this principle of claiming monopoly of office
by the right of conquest, unless the public shall effectually rebuke
and restrain it, will effectually change the character of our
Government. It elevates party above country; it forgets the common
weal in the pursuit of personal emolument; it tends to form, it does
form, we see that it has formed, a political combination, united by
no common principles or opinions among its members, either upon the
powers of the Government or the true policy of the country, but held
together simply as an association, under the charm of a popular
head, seeking to maintain possession of the Government by a vigorous
exercise of its patronage, and for this purpose agitating and alarming
and distressing social life by the exercise of a tyrannical party
proscription. Sir, if this course of things cannot be checked, good
men will grow tired of the exercise of political privileges. They will
see that such elections are but a mere selfish contest for office,
and they will abandon the Government to the scramble of the bold, the
daring, and the desperate."--_Daniel Webster on Civil Service, in
1832_.
_Question 4._ Correct any errors in spelling which you find in
the following sentences, writing your letters so plainly that no one
of them can be mistaken:
Unquestionebly every federil offeser should be able to spell corectly
the familier words of his own languege.
Lose her hankercheif and elivate her head immediatly or she will
spedily loose her life by strangelation.
SECOND SUBJECT.
_Question 1._ Multiply 2341705 by 23870 and divide the product by
6789.
_Give operation in full._
_Question 2._ Divide two hundred and five thousand two hundred
and five, and two hundred and five ten-thousandths, by one hundred
thousand one hundred, and one hundredth.
_Question 3._ Multiply 10-2/3 by 7-1/8 and divide the product by
9-1/2, reducing the same to the simplest form.
_Give operation in full._
_Question 4._ The annual cost of the public schools of a city
is $36,848. What school-tax must be assessed, the cost of collecting
being 2 per cent., and 6 per cent of the assessed tax being
uncollectible?
_Give operation in full._
_Question 5._ Add 7-3/4, 3/5 of 6-2/9, 8-11/12, 6-1/2 divided by
8-1/8, and reduce to lowest terms.
_Give operation in full._
_Question 6._ The Government sold 3000 old muskets at 22-1/2 per
cent, of their cost. The purchaser becoming insolvent paid only 13 per
cent. of the price he agreed to pay; that is, he paid $900. What did
each musket cost the Government?
_Give operation in full._
_Question 7._ What will it cost to carpet a room 36 feet wide by
72 feet long with 3/4 width carpet at $2.12 per yard, including cost
of carpet-lining at 11 cents a square yard and 12 cents a yard for
making and laying the carpet?
_Give operation in full_.
_Question_ 8. A owned 7/8 of a ship and sold 4/5 of his share to
B, who sold 5/9 of what he bought to C, who sold 6/7 of what he bought
to D. What part of the whole vessel did D buy?
_Give operation in full_.
_Question_ 9. A man bought a cargo of wool and sold seven
thousand and forty-five ten-thousandths of it. How much had he left?
_Give operation in full in decimal fractions_.
_Question_ 10. A merchant imported from Bremen 32 pieces of linen
of 32 yards each, on which he paid for the duties, at 24 per cent,
$122.38, and other charges to the amount of $40.96. What was the
invoice value per yard, and the cost per yard after duties and charges
were paid?
_Give operation, in full_.
THIRD SUBJECT.
_Question_ 1. On a mortgage for $3,125, dated July 5, 1880
(interest at 3-1/2 per cent), a payment of $840 was made April 23,
1881. What amount was due January 17, 1882?
_Give operation in full_.
_Question_ 2. The Government sold an old vessel for $160,000,
payable two fifths in eight months and the residue in seventeen months
from the sale. What was the present cash value of the vessel, the
current rate of interest on money being five per cent?
_Give operation in full_.
_Question_ 3. Write a promissory note to be given by J. Brown
to J. Smith, for 60 days, without grace, for $500, at 5 per cent
interest, and state what amount will be due at maturity of the note.
_Question_ 4. James X. Young, a contractor, had the following
dealings with the Treasury Department: He furnished January 4, 1882,
14 tables at $16 each; June 6, 1882, 180 desks at $18.50 each;
December 7, 1882, 150 chairs at $2 each, and July 18, 1883, 14
book-cases at $90 each. He was paid cash as follows: January 31, 1882,
$224; June 30, $1,800; December 18, $300; and July 31, 1883, he was
allowed on settlement $75 for cartage and charged $25 for breakages.
State his account and show balance due.
FOURTH SUBJECT.
_Question_ 1. State the meaning of tense and of mood, and explain
the difference between them in the English language or grammar.
_Question_ 2. Correct any errors you find in the following
sentences:
The boy done it, and he is as restless here as he will be if he was
with you.
He had did it and spoke of doing it before we come here.
_Question_ 3. Write a letter to Senator Jackson answering in full
his letter of September 7 to the Secretary of the Treasury in which
he asks: "How must my nephew proceed to obtain a clerkship in the
Treasury Department, under the Civil-Service Law, and what are the
requisite qualifications of a good clerk?"
FIFTH SUBJECT.
_Question_ 1. Write without abbreviation the names of fifteen
seaports of the Union.
_Question_ 2. Name four of the principal tributaries of the
Mississippi River.
_Question_ 3. Bound the State in which you live.
_Question_ 4. Which States are peninsular, and upon what waters
are they situated?
_Question_ 5. Name six of the principal railroads in the United
States.
_Question_ 6. Name seven of the leading agricultural products of
the United States, and state in what section of the country each is
most extensively cultivated.
APPENDIX J.
THE NEW YORK CORRUPT PRACTICES ACT OF 1890.
CHAP. 94.--AN ACT TO AMEND TITLE FIVE OF THE PENAL CODE RELATING TO
CRIMES AGAINST THE ELECTIVE FRANCHISE.
Approved by the Governor April 4, 1890. Passed, three fifths being
present.
_The People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and
Assembly, do enact as follows:_
SECTION 1. Title five of the Penal Code, entitled "Of crimes against
the elective franchise," is hereby amended so as to read as follows:
Section 41. It shall be unlawful for any person, directly or
indirectly, by himself or through any other person:
1. To pay, lend, or contribute, or offer or promise to pay, lend, or
contribute any money or other valuable consideration, to or for any
voter, or to or for any other person, to induce such voter to vote or
refrain from voting at any election, or to induce any voter to vote
or refrain from voting at such election for any particular person or
persons, or to induce such voter to come to the polls or remain away
from the polls at such election, or on account of such voter having
voted or refrained from voting or having voted or refrained from
voting for any particular person, or having come to the poll or
remained away from the polls at such election.
2. To give, offer, or promise any office, place, or employment, or
to promise to procure or endeavour to procure any office, place, or
employment to or for any voter, or to or for any other person, in
order to induce such voter to vote or refrain from voting at any
election, or to induce any voter to vote or refrain from voting at
such election for any particular person or persons.
3. To make any gift, loan, promise, offer, procurement, or agreement,
as aforesaid, to, for, or with any person in order to induce such
person to procure or endeavour to procure the election of any person,
or the vote of any voter at any election.
4. To procure or engage, promise or endeavour to procure, in
consequence of any such gift, loan, offer, promise, procurement, or
agreement, the election of any person or the vote of any voter at such
election.
5. To advance or pay or cause to be paid any money or other valuable
thing to or for the use of any other person with the intent that the
same, or any part thereof, shall be used in bribery at any election,
or to knowingly pay, or cause to be paid, any money or other valuable
thing to any person in discharge or repayment of any money, wholly or
in part, expended in bribery at any election.
Section 41_a_. It shall be unlawful for any person, directly or
indirectly, by himself or through any other person:
1. To receive, agree, or contract for, before or during an election,
any money, gift, loan, or other valuable consideration, office, place,
or employment for himself or any other person, for voting or agreeing
to vote, or for coming or agreeing to come to the polls, or for
remaining, away or agreeing to remain away from the polls, or for
refraining or agreeing to refrain from voting, or for voting or
agreeing to vote or refraining or agreeing to refrain from voting for
any particular person or persons at any election.
2. To receive any money or other valuable thing during or after an
election on account of himself or any other person having voted or
refrained from voting at such election, or on account of himself
or any other person having voted or refrained from voting for any
particular person at such election, or on account of himself or any
other person having come to the polls or remained away from the polls
at such election, or on account of having induced any other person to
vote or refrain from voting or to vote or refrain from voting for any
particular person or persons at such election.
41_b_. It shall be unlawful for any candidate for public office,
before or during an election, to make any bet or wager with a voter,
or take a share or interest in or in any manner become a party to any
such bet or wager, or provide or agree to provide any money to be used
by another in making such bet or wager, upon any event or contingency
whatever. Nor shall it be lawful for any person, directly or
indirectly, to make a bet or wager with a voter, depending upon
the result of any election, with the intent thereby to procure the
challenge of such voter, or to prevent him from voting at such
election.
Section 41_c_. It shall be unlawful for any person, directly or
indirectly, by himself or any other person in his behalf, to make use
of, or threaten to make use of, any force, violence, or restraint, or
to inflict or threaten the infliction by himself, or through any other
person, of any injury, damage, harm, or loss, or in any manner to
practice intimidation upon or against any person, in order to induce
or compel such person to vote or refrain from voting at any election,
or to vote or refrain from voting for any particular person or
persons at any election, or on account of such person having voted or
refrained from voting at any election. And it shall be unlawful for
any person by abduction, duress, or any forcible or fraudulent device
or contrivance whatever to impede, prevent, or otherwise interfere
with, the free exercise of the elective franchise by any voter; or to
compel, induce, or prevail upon any voter either to give or refrain
from giving his vote at any election, or to give or refrain from
giving his vote for any particular person at any election. It shall
not be lawful for any employer in paying his employees the salary or
wages due them to inclose their pay in "pay envelopes" upon which
there is written or printed any political mottoes, devices, or
arguments containing threats, express or implied, intended or
calculated to influence the political opinions or actions of such
employees. Nor shall it be lawful for any employer, within ninety days
of general election to put up or otherwise exhibit in his factory,
work-shop, or other establishment or place where his employees may be
working, any hand-bill or placard containing any threat, notice, or
information that in case any particular ticket or candidate shall be
elected, work in his place or establishment will cease, in whole or in
part, or his establishment be closed up, or the wages of his workmen
be reduced, or other threats, express or implied, intended or
calculated to influence the political opinions or actions of his
employees. This section shall apply to corporations, as well as to
individuals, and any person or corporation violating the provisions
of this section shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanour, and any
corporation violating this section shall forfeit its charter.
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